Wednesday, August 26, 2020

Work Ethic Essay Sample

Hard working attitude Essay Sample Article on Work Ethic Hard working attitudes is accepted to be a thought that work, difficult work and constancy, has a positive result. They additionally accept that an individual ought to organize work and work just so as to carry on with an effective life. Some may differ on this yet there are individuals who truly cause their lives to rotate around working. Being an obsessive worker isn't terrible yet on some point, this quality can turn into an issue in light of the fact that a lot of work can prompt disorder. It is alright to fill in as long as you take great consideration of yourself. A solid hard working attitude is required so as to endure a real existence that is focused in carrying out your responsibility. Coming up next are the main ten hard working attitudes. At the point when you enter an occupation the primary amazing move you will take is by and large consistently on schedule and never be missing. Participation is one of the most significant variables when a business searches for a representative. At the point when an individual is late numerous things are squandered and it isn't useful for the business. You will never locate a supervisor who needs their worker to be in every case late. This will dazzle and motivate your colleagues and your chief. Each organization puts stock in the platitude that the quickest to get down to business will have an advantage on all competitors so an early worker will be the most beneficial. The subsequent one is the character of a representative. The character of an individual is significant in the working environment since it will decide their association with his partners. It is critical to such an extent that an individual has a decent disposition so he can coexist with his collaborators and the activ ity will be done without any problem. The third one is collaboration; this is appropriate to an individual or a gathering of individuals. Collaboration is unquestionably required in light of the fact that some activity requires coordination between more individuals. It will likewise show how an individual will impart to the next to complete a specific assignment. The fourth quality is the appearance; here and there looks truly matters. On the off chance that you will see, some activity posts incorporate satisfying character as a necessity. Individuals in the business world needs individuals who are satisfactory glancing so as to convince the customers and persuade them that their organization has genuine business on the grounds that their representatives look sufficiently adequate to be accepted. It doesn't really imply that the individual should pass the standard of lovely; the person simply should be satisfactory. Next one is a demeanor, much the same as character it shows how an individual demonstrations towards the others. Extreme occasions will likewise test someone’s disposition on how the person in question will respond in an issue. The 6th quality is efficiency; it is something that makes a business keeps their worker. A gainful individual consistently takes care of business even before the cutoff time. The sorts of individuals who are profitable are useful for the organization on the grounds that the compensation given to them are for the most part justified, despite all the trouble. Different characteristics incorporate authoritative aptitudes, correspondence, participation, and regard. Authoritative abilities are required on the grounds that it will cause an individual to do their activity in the least demanding manner conceivable. Correspondence is required in any field of the work environment since this is the thing that causes individuals to see one another. On the off chanc e that a representative doesn't have the foggiest idea how to convey, the person in question won't have the option to bestow their thoughts and that may cause the organization a major misfortune. Collaboration is significant in light of the fact that when a worker isn't participating the activity won't be finished. Last yet not the least is a regard for one another. Without regard, the activity won't be done effectively. Everyone should regard each other paying little mind to their race, age, sexual orientation, and religion. Regard ought to be given and not requested in light of the fact that it is something that is offered to an individual without anything consequently. The entirety of the referenced characteristics ought to be shown by an individual who needs to work with solid morals. On the off chance that an individual has those characteristics, the person will without a doubt remain in the activity the individual loves. The drive of an individual to make something fruitful will make the person in question objectives work out as expected. The solid hard working attitudes is nothing without difficult work and persistence in carrying out the responsibility.

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Winter Dreams Essays (480 words) - Araby, The Lottery, Paragraph

Winter Dreams Last Paper Question #1 A. In the opening of the story, James Joyce deliberately depicted the hero's neighborhood and environmental factors in two sections. As he utilized genuine names like North Richmond Street and Christian siblings School, therefore by perusing the primary section, perusers can make sense of a guide of the network in which the hero lived. At that point he proceeded to lead us to the late clerics drawing room. The point by point portrayal of the room engaged our faculties. Following the strides of the hero, the perusers can smell the smelly demeanor of the room, see the littered kitchen, contact the twist and soggy books found in the kitchen. This reasonable depiction empowers the peruser to relate to the characters of the story. The initial two sections set up a dark still environment, which was normal to Dublin's neighborhoods nowadays. The kid is introduced to us as a knick-knacks kid that finds one detail after the other in his new house (the rusted bike siphon, the books...); He is searching for something in his life. The reality he enjoyed one book over the other on the grounds that his pages were yellow suggest to us he isn't full grown enough yet to see things under the surface yet just intrigued of the things above. The road he lives in is a visually impaired road. This additionally infers of the hero's visual impairment that is being edified toward the finish of the story and out of nowhere observes things in an unexpected way. B. The Lottery By Shirley Jackson- The initial hardly any lines in The Lottery, set up an altogether different air then the one built up in ?Araby?. In the primary section Jackson portrays the ?reasonable and bright? June morning with the ?new warmth of a full-summer day?. The mind-set is idealistic as should be obvious and everything is by all accounts simply great (in inverse of reality censured before us toward the end). In the primary passage we can feel through Jackson's composing the warm sunrays contacting us. We can smell the blossoms that are ?blooming plentifully? what's more, can paint the ?luxuriously green grass? in our brains. The individuals show up in the main section as ?locals assembling in the square? for a great reason as the lottery. In first perusing, we have a solid sentiment of satisfaction noticeable all around. It is just at second perusing that we begin asking our selves inquiries about the primary section, for example, for what reason are the kids picking stones and for what reason does the lottery takes two hours and even a couple of days in different towns. In inverse to ?Araby? which has a dim night environment all through the entire story and closures with the illuminated of the kid, the story starts with light and finishes with profundity/obscurity. Question #2 I decided to think about the kid in ?Araby? to the kid (and later man) of F.Scott Fitzgerald's ?Winter Dreams?. English Essays

Friday, August 21, 2020

Word of the Week! Sojourn Richmond Writing

Word of the Week! Sojourn Richmond Writing Many of my readers will soon take a vacation or, if British, a holiday. Some will study abroad or go on sabbatical (a future Word of the week). All of these temporary absences count as a sojourn, a nice word for this time of year. Im currently finishing my sojourn to J.R.R. Tolkiens Middle Earth, one I have taken every decade since my early teens. Usage is really old for this word. The OED records several Fourteen Century examples, most with variant spellings. The etymology sketched out includes a few Romance languages but not any Latin term, though at Etymology Online theres an hypothesis that our word comes from the vulgar Latin  subdiurnare  to spend the day. All definitions refer to either a temporary stay somewhere, the place itself, or merely a digression. Thus for me, my year in Madrid was a sojourn before starting graduate school, yet Segovia nearby was itself a quiet sojourn from the hectic life of the Spanish metropolis. Graduates, what of your gap year before the grind of working life? You will never forget that sojourn. For the rest of you, as the humidity in Virginia rises in June and continues through August, where will your sojourn be? How long will you be away? And what do you bring back from that temporary change of scenery? Finally, can   you find a sojourn in the pages of a book or while watching a film? At present, my sojourn is with Frodo Baggins in Middle Earth, as real an imaginary place as any in fiction. Keep in mind that at the end of Lord of the Rings, Frodo makes not a sojourn but a permanent departure for the uttermost West, across the ocean. He will never return. But I hope you will! Please nominate a word or metaphor useful in academic writing by e-mailing me (jessid -at- richmond -dot- edu) or leaving a comment below. See all of our Metaphors of the Month  here  and Words of the Week  here. Map of Middle Earth courtesy of Wikipedia Commons.

Sunday, May 24, 2020

Example Sentences Using the Verb Go for ESL

If English students are going to memorize irregular verb forms, theyll need to include the verb go. These example sentences offer go in all tenses, including active and passive forms, as well as conditional and modal forms. Youll notice that there are many tenses where there is no form of go. Test your knowledge with the quiz at the end. Basic Verb Form Conjugations Base Form: goPast Simple: wentPresent Participle: goingPast Participle: goneGerund: goingInfinitive: to go Present Tenses Present Simple: Peter goes to church on Sundays.Present Continuous: We are going shopping soon.Present Perfect: Peter has gone to the bank.Present Perfect Continuous: Susan has been going to classes for three weeks. Present Tenses With No "Go" In the present tense, the simple passive, continuous passive, and perfect passive verb forms do not have conjugation for go. Past Tenses Past Simple: Alexander went to Denver last week.Past Continuous: We were going to visit some friends but decided not to go.Past Perfect: They had already gone to the show so we didnt go.Past Perfect Continuous: We had been going to that school for a few weeks when it was chosen as the best school in the city. Past Tenses Missing "Go" As with the present tense, several past tenses lack a version of go, and they are all passive. These are the past simple passive, continuous passive, and perfect passive. Future Tenses Future (will): Jennifer will go to the meeting.Future (going to): Peter is going to go to the show tonight.Future Continuous: We will be going to dinner this time tomorrow.Future Perfect: She will have gone to visit her parents by the time you arrive.Future Possibility: Jack might go out this weekend. Future Tenses Without "Go" There are no future passive go tenses, either using will or going to. Conditional and Modal Tenses Real Conditional: If she goes to the meeting, I will attend.Unreal Conditional: If she went to the meeting, I would attend.Past Unreal Conditional: If she had gone to the meeting, I would have attended.Present Modal: You should go out tonight.Past Modal: They might have gone out for the evening. Quiz: Conjugate With Go Use the verb to go to conjugate the following sentences. Quiz answers are below. In some cases, more than one answer may be correct. Peter _____ to the bank.Alexander _____ to Denver last week.They _____ already _____ to the show so we didnt go.Jennifer _____ to the meeting.If she _____ to the meeting, I will attend.We _____ but decided not to go after all.Peter _____ to church on Sundays.Susan _____ to classes for three weeks.Peter _____ to the show tonight.She _____ to visit her parents by the time you arrive. Quiz Answers has gonewenthad gonewill gogoeswere going to gogoeshas been goingis going to gowill have gone

Thursday, May 14, 2020

Why You Should Use Table Topics in Your Adult Education Classroom

Teachers of adults, whether they are corporate trainers or adult education instructors, know that adults learn differently than children and come to the classroom with lots to talk about. These students have life experience and want meaningful conversation, not superficial chit-chat. When discussion is a big part of your reason for being in the classroom, use Table TopicsTM to break the ice and help people engage. Then you can move easily into your planned topic. There are several different versions of Table TopicsTM, each with 135 questions in a four-inch acrylic cube. Pass the cube around and ask your students to pick a card or two, or sort them in advance, choosing the cards that apply to your lesson plan. Pros Great questions that eliminate superficial chatter and start meaningful conversations.Conversation from just one question can last an hour. It takes a long time to work through one cube.The question cards are made of a sturdy cardboard, so theyll stay nice a long time.There are several versions in different categories.The acrylic cube looks modern, and maybe a bit hip, sitting on your coffee table at home or on your classroom shelf. Cons Each cube costs $25, a little hefty for some wallets.If youre a traveling trainer, the cubes are on the weighty side, two pounds each, but the company does make travel versions. Description Four-inch clear acrylic cube.135 conversation-starting questions.A variety of categories from which to choose. Expert Review I picked up my first box of Table TopicsTM on a whim while shopping in one of those funky little shops you see in the artsy parts of any city. A four-inch clear acrylic cube holds 135 cards, each with a provocative question that is sure to inspire lively conversation. I bought the Original cube. It has questions like: What would you most like to do for someone else if you had the money and time?What fashion trend you followed was very cool then, but now looks ridiculous?If you could have any view from your back porch, what would it be? Tim and I still talk about the conversations that were inspired the first evening we opened the cube. He talked about his most memorable meal at Mothers in New Orleans. Were heading back soon to recreate that experience. Since then, Ive purchased the Gourmet and Spirit cubes. The Gourmet cube is fun if youre a foodie like Tim. Its full of questions like: Do you have a food philosophy?To what degree do you eat local, organic, sustainably grown food?Which cooking shows do you watch? Some people can talk about food forever. This cube is for them. The Spirit cube has more questions that I would consider religious rather than spiritual, so there are some I put back without answering, which is usually against my own personal rules, but there are also some very good ones: What makes something sacred?Is there value in suffering?Would you like to know how and when youll die? The Original cube is clearly my favorite. Its scope is broader and its topics are ones more appropriate for a general group of people, especially those who are strangers. In the classroom, unless youre teaching a specific topic covered by Table TopicsTM, Id go with the Original cube. Be sure to check out the Table Topics ice breaker!

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The Effects Of Premarital Sex On Children And Young Adults

Innocence Lost When God created man and woman, his sole purpose was for them to be fruitful and multiply. Sex was created by God and meant for marriage. Therefore, woman valued their chastity and would not do a disservice to their bodies. Premarital sex should not be practice because it leads to unwanted pregnancies, sexually transmitted diseases and loss of innocence. In 1275, England established the age of consent to be 12 to prevent older men from ravishing the young maidens to ensure their chastity remained undamaged until marriage (Age of Consent).† Although the age of consent law is confusing† the most important matter is to keep our children and young adults safe (Age of Consent) The sexual terrain of the mid-1960s, the†¦show more content†¦Today, its children who do not have a father in the home and are being raised by their mother or grandparents. The rate of illegitimate births in the United States has risen sharply since the early 1970s. In the 1940s fewer than five percent of the total births were out of wedlock. By the early 2000s, according to statistics compiled by the Center for Health Statistics at the U.S. HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES DEPARTMENT , births to unmarried mothers accounted for nearly one-third of all U.S. births(Batten 353-356.) To indulge in premarital sex, leaves a woman heartbroken when the man who fathered the child refuse to take responsibility for that child leaving the child fatherless. In addition to having sex outside of marriage is the sexual transmitted diseases that a young lady or man may contract if they are not using protection. Even though condoms are not always effective at preventing pregnancies or contracting sexually transmitted diseases including HIV (Warner). Therefore, we should teach are children to hold on to their innocence until marriage. 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Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Shearwater Case Study free essay sample

Shearwater Adventures is an adventures tour operator in Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe. It specializes in rafting, canoeing, and kayaking on the Zambezi River. This river is the fourth largest river in the African continent. The company grew to dominate the â€Å"Adventure† market in Victoria Falls. As a result of this expansion, Shearwater Adventures became the most well known adventure-tour operator in the continent of Africa. This expansion occurred while the company was under the leadership of Robert Allen who joined Shearwater ten years ago. He began as a photographer with friend Mark Davis taking pictures and videos of the rafting trips. He went on to become Chief Executive Officer (CEO) after Davis’ departure. Shearwater was number one in the market. Regardless of their dominance in the Victoria Falls area and their position as leaders in the market, Shearwater adventures had to face the competition. They had to continue dominating while maintaining their reputation as a successful and profitable outdoor adventures operators. To achieve their established goals, Allen Roberts and his management team created different strategies in order to compete efficiently and to maintain their leader position. QUESTION 1: The fundamental strategies in 2006: First of all, the company was counting on its name and reputation since the word of mouth played an important role in new sales. Also, the goal of the Shearwater Adventures was to achieve repeat bookings from satisfied customers, maximize profit and increase their market share. Shearwater Adventures established partnerships and acquisitions with leading Tour Operators such as Jenman African Safaris to boost their reputation and to gain business. Acquisitions that have increased their competitive scope and profitability in the long run. Advertising is obviously key to attracting tourists who are confused about their choice concerning an adventure activity. The continuation of an advertising program was primordial for the company. The fundamental fact of their success and strength that made the company is the level of differentiation. Indeed, in comparison to their competitors, Shearwater Adventures differentiate themselves by offering far more activities than the competitors. This allows customers to have a wide range of choices from rafting trips to lion encounters. Meanwhile, most competitors offer more or less 3 options: white water rafting, boating and elephant riding. By offering more than the competitors, Shearwater created a competitive advantage by bringing customers what competitors could not. As a result, Shearwater remains a leader in the market and competitors will have no other choice than to design and create a new adventure. Otherwise, they could also copy Shearwaters products and services. In addition to its several activities, Shearwater offers packages allowing customers to choose from a selection of activities for one price. Through a differentiation strategy, and by distinguishing itself, Shearwater obtained a competitive advantage. This allowed Roberts to maintain his position in the market. As a result of these strategies, from 2004 to 2006 the number of guests increased from 26,351 to 41,868 as well as the revenue. QUESTION 2: Perform a 5-forces analysis of Shearwater’s competitive environment. FORCE 1: Rivalry among competing sellers The industry is ranges from around $400 $500 million, however this industry is fragmented: that is to say, it is spread worldwide in relation to areas offering the chance to perform such activities. There are many competitors: Over 40 areas of activities (i. e. kayaking, safari trips, extreme sports). Locations are all over the world and there are over 250,000 operators that compete in the same â€Å"outdoor activity† market. Yet, operators, such as Shearwater, focus on the local level when it comes to competing. Zimbabwe’s political and economical instability. Though Zimbabwe’s tourism had declined by 75% and inflation was at 1,200% Shearwater continued to be the market leader in the area with an 80% share market. It had managed to increase sales by 22 and 39% percent in the last couple of years. Shearwater dominates in Victoria Falls and become the most well known adventure tour in all of Africa. Even though Shearwater is the leader, companies have partnered up in acquisitions, associations and networks with other businesses in order to increase their market share. Rivalry among competitors is high. FORCE 2: Threat of New Entry For small businesses to enter the industry, the cost may be as low as $20,000 for a single activity operation. For larger, full-service operations a large entry cost of $200,000 is estimated. It may be difficult to start an operation in the U. S. because of cost of permits and government, state or municipal regulations. However, installing a new company is Southern Africa (for example Zimbabwe and other surrounding countries) is quite feasible for new operators in the market. We must continue to take into consideration the current economical and political instability of Zimbabwe for those organizations attempting to enter this market There is a certain â€Å"Experience Curve† path that a new company may experience. It is important for management to be thoroughly aware of every detail concerning operations and financial matters, as well as the local market. This experience may take some time to acquire. On top of that, a new competitor should realize that it would be competing with other brands (especially Shearwater) that have an already established notoriety, a client list and advertising distributors. Threat of entry is relatively moderate. FORCE 3: Threat of Substitute Products This is an â€Å"Outdoors/ Extreme Activities† Market. The necessary ingredients to create this service involve irreplaceable factors such as: waterfalls, natural water rapids, mountains, fresh air, nature, scenery, etc. There are new activities that may be though of, however those would go directly into competition, and would not be considered as substitutes. Threat of Substitute Products is low. FORCE 4: Bargaining Power of Suppliers The nature of the service supplied is not a commodity, and cannot be reproduced or duplicated. Even though suppliers reach the 250,000 mark worldwide, these operators are vastly spread out concerning the nature of the activity. White water rafting for instance, requires a location with a water body, waterfalls, rapids, wild outdoors settings and beautiful sceneries, among other things. The company can only go as far as supplying the equipment needed to ride these waters. The only way operators may integrate backwards is if they decide to produce their own equipment and trained professionals. However, this would only be a good strategy if the costs were less than what they already pay to suppliers. Given the type of activity offered, there is a small chance of supply shortage. The Bargaining Power of Suppliers is moderately high. FORCE 5: Bargaining Power of Buyers The demand for this industry is moderately sized. The target age in the industry was from mid 40’s to early 50’s. These people had the drive to stay â€Å"young at heart† and the available income to fulfill these desires. Until recently, the media has created an awareness of adventurous locations, and their desire to explore them increased. They may only integrate backwards by buying their own equipment and training themselves on outdoor skills. However, since most of the consumers are over the age of 40, this seems to be a bit of a challenge. Although Shearwater advertised locally and partnering with tour operators, the local community seems to have a certain amount of power over the promotion of this company. It has progressively gained notoriety, and Roberts should be mindful that should he upset the community, they may bad mouth his business. The Bargaining Power of Buyers is moderate. QUESTION 3: What are the KSFs for competing in the Extreme Adventure Sporting Industry? There are several variables that have had a direct impact on the effectiveness of Shearwater’s business. The specific factors that underlie the success of Shearwater Adventures are: Brand Recognition. The company relied on its name to achieve their goal of repeat bookings, and cooperation with other companies (e. g., tour operators) for cross-selling opportunities could offer them a higher probability to gain exposure and business. Strong Leadership Management: Mike Davis and Allen Roberts were excellent entrepreneurs. Their leadership, particularly Roberts’ role as Shearwater’s CEO after Davis left, played a critical role in enabling Shearwater to dominate the outdoor adventure market. Favorable Destination: Opening an outdoor adventure company in the United States is difficult due to the cost of permits, so opening an adventure operation in South Africa was more attractive and cost-effective. Strategic Partnerships: Strategic partnerships played an important role in Shearwater’s successful growth, since â€Å"Industry leaders were partnering through acquisitions, organized associations, and reseller networks in order to increase repeat bookings from satisfied customers. † Strategic Advertising Marketing: Their goal was to target and direct customers at the start of their vacation. Shearwater engaged in intense local advertising to attract a large number of newly arriving tourists who had not chosen an adventure. This allowed it to attract a large share of newly arriving, non-committed tourists. Variety of Activities Offered: Larger variety of outdoor adventures activities was a strong differentiation for Shearwater. Most competitors had a limited number of activities, making Shearwater superior in the local market. Companies that could offer a variety of activities had a much higher probability of gaining repeat business. Pricing Strategy: Bundling activities that allowed customers to choose from a selection of activities for one price was highly attractive and added to the company’s value and success. Cross-Selling Opportunities: Shearwater’s expansion into related business activities, like tourist transportation, lodging, and video photos, allowed the company to cross-sell and increase its sales revenue through these related business segments. Community Support: Support from locals was also an important reason for the company’s success, as it added credibility to the company. It enabled smooth operations for Shearwater, increased its reputation, and thus increasing its strength in the industry. Skilled Qualified Team: Through Allen Roberts’ leadership, he continued to build a solid management team due to his knack for attracting the right person for the right job. These 10 Key Success Factors have contributed to the growth and success of Shearwater Adventures, and has continued to make them a current market leader in the outdoor adventures industry in the Victoria Falls area. 4. SWOT Analysis Strengths: Located in the touristic area of the Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe Shearwater is considered to be the giant leader of the area (with 80% market share), in fact leader of all Africa. Company driven by a knowledgeable and experienced  manager, Allen Roberts â€Å"Industry image†, extreme sports are seen as a way to enjoy time away from hectic lives (average age of customers between 40s and 50s) Shearwater Adventures LTD. offers a wider range of activities then competitors (at least 11 activities against 3 for competitors) Possibility to organize both individual trips and packages (e. g. â€Å"Ticket to Adventure† package, where you can make huge savings and choose what you want to do and when) Strong local level awareness, â€Å"Word Of Mouth† has helped increase sales Entertainment Media helps increase popularity of the industry (Fear Factor, ESPN, Survivor etc. Improved equipment quality Weaknesses: Although Shearwater Adventures have 80% of the market share, competition is tough enough for company to worry about continuing market domination while maintaining its reputation as a â€Å"successful outdoor adventures operator† The company clearly has a tight budget, â€Å"Roberts and his management team had already cut Shearwater’s expenses to the bone and had given up their company cars for motorbikes†. Weak global level awareness, as companies looked to grow their market share and increase customer base on a local level (global level seemed ore of an obstacle) It appears that outdoor activities companies must deal with aging equipment and older owners when company reaches its maturity Opportunities: The Shearwater Adventures LTD. can link up with international travel companies for purposes such as gaining international awareness and prepaid guaranteed reservation Implement a better advertising plan for repeat bookings and cross-selling Maybe the business should consider acquiring other companies? Creating a new venture to attract a younger crowd Threats: Zimbabwe’s economical and political instability has caused a 75% decrease of the country’s tourism and inflation was 1200% causing prices to double every 22 days Competitors might offer a wider range of activities as it is relatively inexpensive and there are enough ventures to copy Shearwater or add new adventures 5. Provide recommendations concerning Shearwaters future strategy As we know Shearwater is already the leading company in the adventure/extreme industry for the contient, logically, the main question will be how to improve when you are already the number one or at least, how to stay number one? Buying Companies the idea of buying companies was from Allen Roberts himself and was, from my point of view, one of the most intresting. Buying companies allow you to kill the competition (within the area) and in the meantime to increase your market share by absorbing the competitors. In the other hand Shearwater will need a substantial amount of money for this type of investments, money that they may not be able to collect. Despite the financial factors, integrating competitors to the company will allow Mr Roberts to create his own rivalry in the Victorias fall area, allowing to expend, generate more revenues while controlling the all business. Targeting Market Segment The actual targeted segment, people who are â€Å"mid 40s to early 50† are certainly interested in lion encounter or safary but maybe less by more extreme sports such as kayaking or rafting. By focusing on this market segment they completely forget generation who grew up witth that kind of sports. Enhance by the media and famous energy drinks ( https://www. youtube. com/watch? v=mFo-HKKOsXchd=1 ) adventure or extreme sports have become a very important trend for the 20-30 years old. It would be a shame to miss such an opportunity to increase the market share when the only effort you have to make is to make people aware of your complex. Developing the companys assets A wide range of activities, affordables prices, but do they really focus on the essential? People around 50 are attracted by this healthy way of living so why dont they develop a healthy/fitness programme. Mixing sports and dietetic/healthy food as it is the trend nowdays. This strategy is using the current assets of the company in a different way that could be a lot more appealing for customers. Worldwide vision Advertising on a local/national level would be useless for Shearwater as it is already recognize as the number one. What they neeed is a worldwide vision, let people know that they are providing one of the best experience in the adventur industry, and if people are not interested in sport why wont they come for the location in itself. The use of new type of communication such as facebook twitter or threw sponsors (Red bull, Monsters.. ) have already helped the cause of extreme sports and pointed out the fact that people are more than intrested in that kind of leisure. Be a precursor In every single industry, leading companies overcome difficulties by creating their own product and/or creating the demand. In the past few years a lot of new sports have immerged, creating one, could be the chance of an international recognition and healthy finance. Their status of number one is not immutable, they should use their monopoly on the market to create what they think would be the adventure industry of tomorrow. As a reminder, the main question of the case study was â€Å"how to continue to dominate the market while maintaining the reputation as a successful outdoor adventures operator†. The difficulty of chosing a strategy is emphasis by their status of number one, with no comparable company all over the continent the only reasonable choice seems to completely create the wanted path. They got the recognition, the infrastructures as well as a strong leadership. By having a step ahead of the competitions they can maintain their reputation but for how long? To conclude, strenghen by their position, they should choke the competition by redifining what aventure industry means in their own words.

Friday, April 3, 2020

Counselling Theory of Freudian Psychoanalysis

This paper reflects upon how I believe the application of psychoanalysis can become an integral part of Christian counseling.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Counselling Theory of Freudian Psychoanalysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The foremost idea that is being explored throughout the paper is that, even though the theory of psychoanalysis appears to contradict a number of Biblical conventions; it nevertheless correlates with the overall spirit of Christianity, as a thoroughly humanistic religion. The legitimacy of this suggestion is being illustrated with discursively appropriate references to Bible. The counseling approach that I will discuss in this paper is based upon the theory of Freudian psychoanalysis. The reason I choose this particular theory is that, despite the fact that a psychoanalytical approach to counseling is being commonly assumed inconsistent with Bible, it nevertheless does adhere to the overall spirit of Christianity, as a religion that stresses out the foremost cause of people’s emotional suffering, as a result of their souls lacking ‘wholesomeness’. Throughout the paper’s consequential parts, I will aim to explore the validity of this thesis at length. The psychoanalysis’s key concepts can be outlined as follows: The observable subtleties of people’s positioning in life reflect their ability to exercise a rational control over the workings of their unconscious. The cause of people’s mental anxieties is the fact that their ego (rationale-based reasoning) often proves incapable of addressing an incompatibility between the unconscious drives of id (primeval urges) and superego (cognitively absorbed and necessarily restrictive moral standards of a particular society). The formation of one’s personality is being reflective of how the specifics of his or her upbringing caused the concerned individual to choose in favor of a particular manner of suppressing its socially inappropriate (sexual) unconscious urges (Jones Butman, 1991). The psychoanalysis-based therapy’s foremost goal is to uncover the essence of patients’ deep-seated irrational anxieties/urges, which in turn is supposed to empower them, within the context of how they go about attaining the sensation of an emotional comfortableness with their sense of self-identity. Even though that from a Christian point of view, there is indeed a number of discursive controversies to the theory of psychoanalysis, there can be little doubt as to the fact that it was specifically the process of people becoming ever more self-knowledgeable (wise), which predetermined the psychoanalysis’s emergence, in the first place (Hoffman, 2007).Advertising Looking for critical writing on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More And, according to Bible, there is not hing ‘sinful’ about people’s strive to acquire wisdom. In fact, Bible endorses such people’s endeavor, â€Å"Get wisdom, get understanding†¦Wisdom [is] the principal thing; [therefore] get wisdom: and with all thy getting get understanding† (Proverbs, 4: 5-7, King James Version). Therefore, the psychoanalysis-based counseling can be referred to as such that is being thoroughly consistent with how Bible addresses the very notion of enlightenment. The psychoanalytical model of personality stresses out the fact that one’s existential stance never ceases being affected by the workings of his or her unconscious. In their turn, these workings reflect the specifics of the concerned individual’s psychosexual stages of development, commonly referred to as oral, anal and phallic. Ever since their early years, individuals get to be endowed with a number of libidinal drives, which prompt them to unconsciously seek sensual pleasures. The quali tative subtleties of how people seek sensual pleasures are being spatially reflective of the maturing process, on their part. In turn, this process become affected by the socially constructed obstacles of the way of growing individuals exploring their libidinal urges – hence, strengthening the acuteness of people’s inadequateness-related anxieties. Consequently, the unconscious feeling of being inadequate, in terms of how one goes about exploring its sexuality, causes the concerned individual to experience the sensation of an irrational guilt. As a mean of lessening the severity of this emotionally disturbing sensation, he or she often resorts to acting in a particularly aggressive manner. Thus, the psychoanalytical model of personality presupposes the existence of dialectically predetermined links between what accounts for the essence of people’s latent sexual anxieties, on the one hand, and the socially observable particulars of their behavior, on the other. I n other words, in the social context of this word, the theory psychoanalysis refers to the knowledge of sexuality, as a foundation for all other types of knowledge. Such point of view is being consistent with Biblical perspective on the importance of sexuality. After all, Bible does refer to the act of a sexual intercourse as such that entails both partners with the rudimentary knowledge of everything.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Counselling Theory of Freudian Psychoanalysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As McClelland (1959) noted, â€Å"In Hebrew the word for ‘knowing’ (yada) can have a sexual connotation as is illustrated by the English translation of the verse ‘and Adam knew Eve his wife’†¦ in Biblical tradition, ‘knowledge’ is intimately associated with sexual knowledge† (p. 47). Therefore, theologically speaking, there is nothing wrong abo ut the psychoanalysis’s actual subject matter. The psychoanalytical approach to counseling presupposes that the extent of one’s healthiness is being reflective of the extent of his or her cognitive/perceptional self-awareness. That is, the more a particular individual is being capable of understanding the innermost cause of its mental anxieties, the more he or she will be capable of effectively addressing them. In its turn, this state of affairs implies that it is only people capable of counter-balancing their emotionally destructive libidinal urges with the sheer strength of their commitment to leading thoroughly enlightened lifestyles, which may enjoy mental and physical well-being, in the first place. In other words – the actual key to healthiness is one’s ability to address life-challenges in a thoroughly responsible and yet natural manner, without becoming preoccupied with too much of a self-reflecting thinking, â€Å"Be not righteous over much; nei ther take thyself over wise: why shouldest thou destroy thyself? Be not over much wicked, neither be thou foolish: why shouldest thou die before thy time?† (Ecclesiastes, 7: 16-18). This once again suggests the theory of psychoanalysis being compatible with Christianity. One of the foremost triggers of an individual’s mental abnormality psychoanalysts consider such an individual’s prolonged exposure to the socially and very often religiously enforced rules of a ‘moral’ behavior. After all, it does not represent much of a secret that a considerable bulk of these rules are being concerned with establishing preconditions for the observable manifestations of people’s sexuality to be considered shameful and consequently – the subject of a societal repression.Advertising Looking for critical writing on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In its turn, this explains the mechanics of how seemingly healthy individuals grow ever more mentally unstable, â€Å"The goal of (sexual) repression is ‘keeping something out of consciousness’. But that which was banished retains its attached affect; rather than fade away, that affect and the energy it represents continually press upward, attempting to return to consciousness† (Volney, 1982, p. 154). Therefore, through the psychoanalysis’s conceptual lenses, the root of people’s psychological anxieties appears to be socially upheld moralistic dogmas. In this respect, psychoanalysts could not agree more with Jesus, who never skipped an opportunity to criticize Pharisees’ hypocritical commitment to following the outdated principles of a religious morality, as a main prerequisite of salvation, â€Å"Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye compass sea and land to make one proselyte, and when he is made, ye make him twofold more the child of hell than yourselves† (Mathew 23:15). After all, it is a well-known fact that the majority of notorious sexual predators/serial killers have been brought up in strongly religious families, while being continually indoctrinated to believe that a mere mentioning of male or female genitals constitutes a great ‘sin’. The role of psychoanalytical psychotherapy is best discussed within the context of how its practical application may help patients to improve the state of their emotional well-being. The actual process of psychotherapy is being concerned with patients attending councilor’s office and reflecting upon a number of response-provocative subject matters, mentioned by the councilor (Murdock, 2009). In this respect, the application of free association and dream analysis techniques comes in particularly handy. By being exposed to how patients construct consciousness-free associations, councilors are able to pin point the subliminal causes of em otional anxieties, on their part. The same can be said about the technique of dream analysis. According to Freud, one’s dreams serve the function of satisfying his or her unconscious urges by the mean of providing them with a semi-conscious form. Therefore, while analyzing the content of a particular patient’s dreams, councilors gain an in-depth insight as to what could be considered the possible triggers of the counseled individual’s mental inadequateness. Even though that, as it was mentioned earlier, a psychoanalytical approach to counseling presupposes that it is possible to ‘disassemble’ one’s soul down to its integral components, which contradicts Christian conceptualization of soul, as something that simply cannot be ‘taken apart’, the sheer effectiveness of psychoanalytical therapies cannot be doubted. In its turn, this allows us to conclude that the fact that there are indeed a number of inconsistencies between Bible and psychoanalysis simply reflects the limited scope of Biblical themes and motifs. This, however, does not make Holy Book any less credible. Alternatively, it does not make the theory of psychoanalysis any less credible, as well. After all, Jesus himself provided us with a number of allegorical instructions as to how evil may be distinguished from good, â€Å"Even so every good tree bringeth forth good fruit; but a corrupt tree bringeth forth evil fruit. A good tree cannot bring forth evil fruit, neither [can] a corrupt tree bring forth good fruit† (Mathew 7: 17-18). Given the fact that, as we pointed out earlier, the practical application of psychoanalysis, throughout the course of history, did help many people to get rid of their life-impending anxieties, there can be few doubts that this particular approach to counseling is indeed being in favor with God. It is understood, of course, that the application of psychoanalysis, as a part of providing patients with Christian couns eling, may be deemed inappropriate. At the same time, however, there are many objective reasons to believe that this practice is being thoroughly attuned with Christianity’s ongoing transformation from being concerned with strictly theological issues to being concerned with how people’s exposure to Bible can help them to enjoy a high-quality living (Lines, 2002). Even though that, as of today, psychoanalytical counseling is being assumed rather unaffordable by many patients; there is no good rationale in believing that this will continue being the case into the future. After all, an ongoing progress in the field of counseling has now attained a clearly defined exponential momentum. This is another reason why I think it is being only the matter of time, before Christianity and psychoanalysis will cease being regarded mutually incompatible. I believe this conclusion is being thoroughly consistent with the paper’s initial thesis. References Hoffman, M. (2007). From libido to love: Relational psychoanalysis and the redemption of sexuality. Journal of Psychology and Theology, 35 (1), 74-82. Holy Bible: King James Version. (1996). New York: American Bible Society. Jones, S. Butman, R. (1991). Modern psychotherapies: A comprehensive  Christian appraisal. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press. Lines, D. (2002). Counseling within a new spiritual paradigm. Journal of  Humanistic Psychology, 42 (3), 102-123. McClelland, D. (1959). Religious overtones in Psychoanalysis. Theology Today, 16 (1), 40-64. Murdock, N. (2009). Theories of counseling and psychotherapy: A case approach  (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education. Volney, G. (1982). Repression and sublimation in religious personalities. Journal  of Religion and Health, 21 (2),152-170. This critical writing on Counselling Theory of Freudian Psychoanalysis was written and submitted by user Samiyah Suarez to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Sunday, March 8, 2020

Poor parenting revealed in mary shelleys frankenstein Essays

Poor parenting revealed in mary shelley's frankenstein Essays Poor parenting revealed in mary shelley's frankenstein Poor Parenting Revealed in Mary Shelley?s Frankenstein Upon giving birth to a child, it is expected of the parents to teach and raise them with good morals. It is assumed that parents demonstrate both love and affection towards their infant. However, there are instances in which some parents neglect their children, which is what the main character, Victor did in the novel Frankenstein. In Mary Shelley?s novel Frankenstein, Victor demonstrates how the neglect of his creation translates into havoc and violence of those in his life. These two aspects are caused because of the mistreatment that Victor displayed to his ?child?. He wasn?t aware of how dangerous this ?child? could come out to be since it was not raised appropriately. This led to the ?child?s? insufferable loneliness and anger. Displaying neglect towards an infant leaves them emotionally and mentally unstable. In the novel, Victor?s neglect towards his creation, the Creature, caused his affliction. This act of disdain occurred because Victor was displeased with the appearance of his offspring. Victor calls him out on being a ?Devil? and even questions him, ?Do you dare approach me? And do you not fear the fierce vengeance of my arm wreaked on your miserable head? Begone, vile insect!? (page 68). No parent should ever behave this way towards their child. Victor traumatizes his ?child? causing a mental toll on him by calling him names and telling him to go away. The Creature believes what he is told since he sees it for himself, ?But how terrified was I, when I viewed myself in a transparent pool!? (pg 80). The Creature now seems to understand why others have shown disregard towards him. He now realizes that his neglect is because of his guise. According to article 18, ?Unwanted and Un-intended Long Term Resu lts of Overindulging Children? by Dawson and Bredehoft, ?It is difficult to be happy unless one looks good?. This is thought out to be because of overindulgence in children, which is a form of child neglect; it was the main reason why the Creature went about creating chaos. He committed murders to get revenge on Victor because of the neglect he showed towards him and his appearance. This was a type of emotion that the Creature displayed to let out his anger on his guise. It?s believed that a person who is crestfallen with their appearance tends to have a ?low self-esteem, and a sense of shame surrounding the parent?s absence? (?Effects of Abandonment?, Wolf). Since Victor neglected his creation due to his appearance he was never there for the Creature. Showing negligence towards a child can be traumatizing. If it is not stopped, it leads to unnecessary repercussions and is the easy way out towards abandonment. When a child encounters abandonment, the outcome will be negative because they did not receive the necessary love and affection from their parent. The child will be in a state of desolation and question their abandonment. Due to Victor?s forsaking of the Creature, leads to the Creature questioning him, ?Have I not suffered enough, that you seek to increase my misery? I was benevolent and good; misery made me a fiend? (pgs. 68-69). The Creature appears to be miserable because he was left derelict. This question is an effect from child abandonment, it ?Left the Creature with lingering question about his self worth? (Effects of Abandonment in Children by Jennifer Wolfe). He cannot understand why his ?parent? would want to make him suffer more than he already has. The Creature was an altruistic being before, but because of his abandonment it caused him to undergo this state of misery. When helping a child to cope with abandonment it is advised to, ?Reassure the child that they did not do anything to cause their parent to leave? (Coping with the Effects of Child Abandonment by Stacy Hensley). In this case, Victor did not demonstrate this action towards the Creature. The Creature is aware that his abandonment is because of his appearance, which is what ignited Victor to forsake him. Due to Victor?s carelessness of the Creature it created a negative impact on him along with a lack of love and affection. These components were an

Friday, February 21, 2020

Oculocutaneous Albinism Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Oculocutaneous Albinism - Literature review Example Albinism is a typical hereditary skin disease with varied clinical presentation and inheritance. It is mostly present from birth and increases the risk of cancer. It is not curable and there is no specific treatment. It can be a part of syndromes which cause bleeding diathesis and recurrent infections (Okulicz, 2002). In this article, a specific type of albinism, the oculocutaneous type will be discussed. Albinism Albinism is a group of disorders that are hereditary in nature and are related to abnormality in the synthesis or distribution of melanin (Okulicz, 2002). The abnormality of pigmentation manifests in eyes with or without involvement of skin and hair (Park et al, 2012). Thus, clinically, there are 2 categories of albinism. They are ocular albinism where in eyes are involved and skin involvement is either absent or minimal, and oculocutaneous albinism in which skin and eyes are involved. Oculocutaneous albinism may be defined as "a group of congenital heterogeneous disorders in which there is either complete or partial absence of pigment in the skin, hair and eyes because of the absence of or a defect in an enzyme involved in the production of melanin" (Park et al, 2011). In both the conditions, the primary morbidity is related to the eye. The pattern of inheritance in albinism is variable. While the ocular albinism is through autosomal recessive or sex-linked inheritance, oculo-cutaneous albinism is autosomal recessive (Park et al, 2012). ... In patients with Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome, easy bruising is seen and in those with Chediak-Higashi syndrome, recurrent infections are noted. In X-linked ocular albinism, decreased hearing is seen (Okulicz, 2002). As far as discoloration of eyes, skin and hair is concerned, the range of depigmentation is variable and depends on the type of albinism. The color of the iris is usually blue and can even be brown. The iris will have transillumination defects. The fundus also, in general, is hypopigmented. To broadly classify, there are 2 forms of albinism. The classification is based on the tyrosinase hair bulb incubation test which differentiates between the tyrosinase-positive and tyrosinase-negative forms. In those who are tyrosinase-positive, some degree of production of pigments occurs. In those who are tyrosinase-negative, there is absolutely no pigment production (Okulicz, 2002). Oculocutaneous albinism There are four types of oculocutaneous albinism or OCA (Okulicz, 2002). OCA typ e 1A is the classic tyrosinase negative type of OCA. In this condition, the infant is born with blue-grey irides, pink colored skin, white hair and predominant red reflex (Wei et al, 2011). The individuals have manifestations of the defects of eye as discussed above. They never develop pigmented lesions like freckles, naevi or lentigines. Hair becomes yellow with age due to denaturation of the keratin following exposure to ultraviolet light. In type1B, the presentation features at birth are similar to those in type 1A. However, as the age advances, the hair color darkens to brown color. The skin can get tanned on exposure to sunlight and can even develop pigmented lesions like naevi and freckles. The

Wednesday, February 5, 2020

Developing yourself and others Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Developing yourself and others - Coursework Example I like action oriented careers, in which I will be in the goal settings and implementations. My colleague has a converging learning style. He likes experimenting first on theories and principles before he can apply on real office work. He questions everything he is given to work with and rarely does his work following gut feelings. He is interested in developmental work with innovations such as technology and science. For him, everything has to be tackled with an appropriate solution, and what worked for a single problem may not work for another one unless, it is first tried and tested. He is the kind of person who can come up with manuals to be used in the work, and everybody should use the manual when solving the particular problem. The developmental needs assessment for me and my colleague was done using a SWOT analysis. SWOT analysis is an analysis that focuses on strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (Burrow, 2012 p. 148). The first strength I harbor is that I am a hands-on person, and like doing things the best way in which I think will work out. The market is always dynamic changing from day to day and thus what worked yesterday may not function today. The opportunity I have is that I am a fast learner, and I am also very flexible to change and can thus adapt to any organizational setting. My major weakness lies in the use of standards and formulas. I cannot do a job that requires the use of standards, as I prefer taking shortcuts. The primary threat I harbor is the flooding of the market with people who are whole rounded. The major need is to learn how to use standards and patience in implementation of strategies. My colleague’s strength lies in the ability to use standards and use only those formulas that are tested and tried. His major opportunity lies in the fact that he is still young and in school, and, for this reason, will climb the corporate ladder fast because of the amount of certificates he has. His major weakness is

Monday, January 27, 2020

Economies of Scale Economies of Scope in long run

Economies of Scale Economies of Scope in long run Paridhi Gupta Introduction Economies all about cost effectiveness. The term Scale is all about the benefits gained by the production of large volume of a product. The term scope is linked to the benefits gained by producing a wide variety of products by efficiently utilizing to same operations. What are Economies of Scale? The term economies of scale refers to a situation where the cost of producing one unit of a good or service decreases as the volume of production increases. Economies of scale arise when the cost per unit falls as output increases. Economies of scale are the main advantage of increasing the scale of production. Examples:- Table 1 Assume each unit of capital = Rs.5, Land = Rs.8 and Labour = Rs.2 Calculate TC and then AC for the two different ‘scales’ (‘sizes’) of production facility AC = TC / Q TABLE 2 Doubling the scale of production (a rise of 100%) has led to an increase in output of 200% therefore cost of production PER UNIT has fallen Don’t get confused between Total Cost and Average Cost Overall ‘costs’ will rise but unit costs can fall Classification of Economies of Scale: Marshall made a differentiating concepts of internal and external economies of scale. That is that when costs of input factors of production go down, it is a positive externality for all the firms in the market place, outside the control of any of the firms. Internal Economies of Scale Internal economies of scale relate to the lower unit costs a single firm can obtain by growing in size itself. This means that the internal economies are exclusively available to the expanding firm. Internal economies of scale may be classified under the following categories. Bulk- buying economies As businesses grow they need to order larger quantities of production inputs. For example, they will more raw materials. As the order value increases, a business obtains more bargaining power with suppliers. It may be able to obtain discounts and lower prices for the raw materials. Technical economies Businesses with large-scale production can use more advanced machinery (or use existing machinery more efficiently). This may include using mass production techniques, which are a more efficient form of production. A larger firm can also afford to invest more in research and development. Financial economies Many small businesses find it hard to obtain finance and when they do obtain it, the cost of the finance is often quite high. This is because small businesses are perceived as being riskier than larger businesses that have developed a good track record. Larger firms therefore find it easier to find potential lenders and to raise money at lower interest rates. Marketing economies Economies in marketing arise from the large –scale purchase of raw materials and other material inputs and large scale selling of the firm’s own product. Every part of marketing has a cost – particularly promotional methods such as advertising and running a sales force. Many of these marketing costs are fixed costs and so as a business gets larger, it is able to spread the cost of marketing over a wider range of products and sales – cutting the average marketing cost per unit. Managerial economies As a firm grows, there is greater potential for managers to specialise in particular tasks (e.g. marketing, human resource management, finance). Specialist managers are likely to be more efficient as they possess a high level of expertise, experience and qualifications compared to one person in a smaller firm trying to perform all of these roles. External economies of scale External economies of scale occur when a firm benefits from lower unit costs as a result of the whole industry growing in size. External economies accrue to the expanding firms from advantages arising outside the firm e.g. in the input markets. The main types are: Transport and communication As an industry establishes itself and grows in a particular region, it is likely that the government will provide better transport and communication links to improve accessibility to the region. This will lower transport costs for firms in the area as journey times are reduced and also attract more potential customers. For example, an area of Scotland known as Silicon Glen has attracted many high-tech firms and as a result improved air and road links have been built in the region. Training and education becomes more focused on the industry Universities and colleges will offer more courses suitable for a career in the industry which has become dominant in a region or nationally. For example, there are many more IT courses at being offered at colleges as the whole IT industry in the UK has developed recently. This means firms can benefit from having a larger pool of appropriately skilled workers to recruit from. Other industries grow to support this industry A network of suppliers or support industries may grow in size and/or locate close to the main industry. This means a firm has a greater chance of finding a high quality yet affordable supplier close to their site. The long run average cost curve (LRAC) The long run average cost curve (LRAC) is known as the ‘envelope curve’ and is usually drawn on the assumption of their being an infinite number of plant sizes – hence its smooth appearance in the next diagram below. The points of tangency between LRAC and SRAC curves do not occur at the minimum points of the SRAC curves except at the point where the minimum efficient scale (MES) is achieved. If LRAC is falling when output is increasing then the firm is experiencing economies of scale. For example a doubling of factor inputs might lead to a more than doubling of output. Economies of scope Economies of scope is a term that refers to the reduction of per-unit costs through the production of a wider variety of goods or services. Many firms produce more than one product. Sometimes, a firm’s products are closely linkes to one another. An automobile company, for instance, produces automobiles and trucks, a chicken farm produces poultry and eggs. At other times, firms produce physically unrelated products. In both caes, however, a firm is likely to enjoy production or cost advantages when it produces two or more products. These advantages could result from the joint use of inputs or production facilities, joint marketing programs, or possibly the cost savings of a common administration. Example of Economies of Scope McDonalds can produce both hamburgers and French fries at a lower average cost than what it would cost two separate firms to produce the same goods. This is because McDonalds hamburgers and French fries share the use of food storage, preparation facilities, and so forth during production. Difference between economies of scale and economies of scope Mergers and Acquisitions Mergers are basically combining of two business entities under common ownership. Two companies legally become one. All assets and liabilities being merged out of existence become assets and liabilities of surviving company. Under acquisitions one firm buys the assets or shares of another. Acquired company becomes subsidiary of purchasing company. Different Types of Mergers A horizontal merger This kind of merger exists between two companies who compete in the same industry segment. A vertical merger Vertical merger is a kind in which two or more companies in the same industry but in different fields combine together in business. Co-generic mergers Co-generic merger is a kind in which two or more companies in association are some way or the other related to the production processes, business markets, or basic required technologies. Conglomerate Mergers Conglomerate merger is a kind of venture in which two or more companies belonging to different industrial sectors combine their operations Different Types of acquisitions Friendly acquisition Both the companies approve of the acquisition under friendly terms. Reverse acquisition A private company takes over a public company. Back flip acquisition- A very rare case of acquisition in which, the purchasing company becomes a subsidiary of the purchased company. Hostile acquisition Here, as the name suggests, the entire process is done by force. Motives for Mergers Acquisitions Economies of large scale business large scale business organization enjoys both internal and external economies. Elimination of competition It eliminates severe, intense and wasteful expenditure by different competing organizations. Desire to enjoy monopoly power MA leads to monopolistic control in the market. Adoption of modern technology corporate organization requires large resources Lack of technical and managerial talent Industrialization, scarcity of entrepreneurial, managerial and technical talent Creation of Synergies The financial benefit that two companies may derive from a merger or acquisition is called synergy. The synergistic effect may also refer to the cost reduction a merger brings about by eliminating or streamlining redundant processes. Different types of Synergies enjoyed through MA Management Synergy Management synergy refers that the companies use its extensive and efficient management resources through new permutations and combinations after MA to improve the existing management and finally increase the revenue. Operating Synergy Operating synergy refers to the improvement of production and operation efficiency of enterprises which caused by economies of scale and economy of scope after MA. Financial Synergy Financial synergy refers to the financial benefits generated by MA transaction. It is a net cash flow on benefits which are caused by tax laws, accounting standards and other provisions of the securities and exchange. Production Synergy Two companies that merge may be able to produce more revenue than either one could produce independently by combining the most efficient processes each brings to the merger. Risks Analysis of the Realization of Synergistic Effect The risks of the realization of synergistic effect refers to the uncertainty of the increment of corporation value and the performance of strategic MA. Such risks always exist throughout the whole process of synergistic effect realization. From the view of the root causes of the risks, such risks can be divided into internal risks and external risks Internal Risks Internal risks mainly refer to the synergistic effect of risks which is caused by MA transactions and integration. Synergistic effect of internal risks mainly includes financial risk integration risk anti-MA risk principal-agent risk asymmetric information risk 1) Financial risk. MA often requires large amounts of capital, how to raise funds in short term is very important. Companies can use cash, stock or debt financing for the MA. Either way, there are great risks. If companies use cash to complete the MA, there will have the following short-comings: first of all, a one-time large amount of cash outflow for MA will cause intense pressure on the production and management of the enterprise. Second, the trade size will be restricted by the ability to obtain cash and lead to the failure of a large-scale MA. Moreover, the merged side may not like cash payment, because they cannot get the new company’s equity, this situation will also lead to MA risks. 2) Integration risk. According to a survey on the failure of MA, about 80% of MA failures are caused by enterprise integration failures. The MA integration risk is manifested mainly in the following three aspects: first, production and technology cannot achieve the expected synergy after MA. For example, the MA side usually wants to implement diversification through MA so as to enter new areas, when the growth of the new areas are faced with obstacles, it often makes MA activities in trouble. Second, the integration of personnel, institution and culture after MA. If the enterprise cannot make effective integration according to the designed MA plan, this will lead to the conflict of personnel, institution and cultural be-tween new and old enterprises and resulting in internal friction. Third, the impact of MA on business relationships, such as the impact on customers and suppliers. MA might cause deterioration in external business relationship and lose some customers and suppliers, thus lead to the increa se of enterprise’s operating costs and reduction its profitability. 3) Anti-MA risk Under normal circumstances, the merged enterprise’s attitude of MA is uncooperative. Because the merged enterprises are usually inferior enterprises, they will find ways to stop MA. Such practices will greatly increase the MA risks. In addition, under the modern corporate governance structure, a successful MA must first be accepted by enterprise management, then adopted by the board of directors in the enterprise, at last obtain the consent of the large, small and medium-sized investors. 4) Principal-agent risk For pursuing business expansion, the senior executives with information superiority might ignore the interests of shareholders to meet the needs of their individual fame and fortune. The â€Å"out of control† risk of principal-agent relationship in MA decision is very dangerous. In a company, the relationship between its manager and corporate owners is principal-agent relationship. The company management might pursuit company expansion for their own interests to show their performance. They have information superiority and might agree on the unreasonable terms of the target company without considering its own financial and operating conditions. This conduct will increase the realization cost of synergy and reduced synergy benefits. 5) Asymmetric information risk In the market mechanism of incomplete competition, the problem of information asymmetry is quite general. During the course of strong company’s acquisition of target company, the target company’s executives might conceal the facts such as enterprise’s hidden losses of contingent liability and the true value of patents to achieve their private intentions. They might also collude with the agency or the insider of the strong enterprise to make false information so that the policy makers of the merging side might make wrong decisions. External Risks As synergistic effect is based on certain of development strategy and the formulation of such a development strategy is based on external environment, therefore, the changes in external environment not only affects the enterprise’s development strategy, but also cause the deviation from the expected synergies. The external risks of synergistic effect mainly include policy risk legal risk industrial risk. 1) Policy risk. Policy risk refers to the synergy risk which caused by the adjustment of national economic policies. The government develops special policies to protect the vested interests of government and â€Å"special groups† or uses administrative means to arbitrarily change its policy to destroy the normal order of market competition, such behavior would increase the risk of synergy. 2) Legal risk. Legal risk mainly lies in the following three aspects. The first is the provisions of anti-monopoly law. Most of western countries developed a series of anti-monopoly laws to safeguard fair competition. The second is the specific provisions of MA in the law. For instance, according to the correlated laws, if the acquirer holds 5% of a listed company’s shares, it must notice and suspend trading, for each 2% subsequent increment, it is necessary to repeat the process, if holding 30% of the shares, it must launch a comprehensive tender offer. This provision leads to great increase of the acquisition costs and MA risk. Thirdly, during the course of MA, as laws and regulations are incomplete, the conduct of company cannot be guided correctly, thus result in the increase of MA risk. 3) Industrial risk. Industry risk refers to the uncertainty of the industry prospects caused by the changes of country’s economic situation and industrial policy, which might influence the enterprise development strategy. In the process of MA decision-making, many enterprises sink into woeful situation because they are not familiar with the new industry they wish to enter or without a accurate grasp of the industry prospects. The â€Å"big diving† of e-commerce enterprises in the last two years are good examples. Conclusion Bibliography http://tutor2u.net/economics/content/essentials/economies_scale_scope.htm http://www.tutor2u.net/business/gcse/downloads/production_economies_of_scale.pdf www.scirp.org/journal/PaperDownload.aspx?paperID=4385 Pindyck, Rubinfield, Mehta, MicroEconomics, 7th Edition, Pearson

Sunday, January 19, 2020

Human Resourse Management Essay -- GCSE Business Marketing Coursework

HRM Human Resource Management: How Groups Behave Differently ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR AND ANALYSIS COURSE ASSIGNMENT QUESTION 2 IN WHAT WAYS DO GROUPS BEHAVE DIFFERENTLY FROM INDIVIDUALS? This essay will attempt to answer the above question by not only studying the conduct of individuals and groups in a work context, but also by looking at the causes of behaviour. Organisational behaviour theories, experiments and case studies will be used to investigate the behaviour of first the individual and then the group in a work environment. The term "group" for the purposes of this assignment as been defined as a formal group which has been established by an organisation at a point in time in with the purpose of achieving a specified goal. Although it is noted that many friendship and informal groupings do develop. When both the behaviour of the individual and the group have been assessed, a discussion will be made as to how these behavioural patterns differ, why they differ and to what extent they differ. Individual Behaviour. There are many theories of human behaviour used for the purposes of management and these are constantly being updated. Traditional management thinking focuses on the idea that in order to understand how a person will act in a given set of circumstances, individuals motives have to be assessed. A more modern approach looks at the individuals: abilities, personality, personality traits, ethics and culture. Traditional View In earlier models it was first assumed that people were basically the same, that they had the same wants and needs. Leavitt [1] suggested that there are certain generalisations, which are useful in predicting human behaviour. In order to illustrate these generalisations he asked this question, "What are the fundamental, unexceptionally truths of human behaviour?" Some of the answers he found included: People are products of their environment. People want security. All people want is bread and butter. People are fundamentally lazy. People are fundamentally selfish. Pe ople want the chance to show what they can do. Although many of the answers that were received were contradictory, Leavitt believed that at another level the contradiction disappears and that there are three basic assumptions that can be made... ...ery differentially than it's separate individuals. In many cases a student's own individual traits; ability, personality, values and ethics and culture, the elements which would normally govern their work behaviour have been cancelled out by the group process of norms. In the Southwestern example - before the introduction of effected behaviour, the majority of students conformed to the new level of work habits and conduct, and the variance in sales levels decreased and the average sales levels increased. Hopefully this essay has now highlighted that groups can behave differently from individuals, showed the ways in which the behaviour can vary and the reasons for yet been mentioned is to what extent the behaviour differs. This is very subjective and difficult to assess. Can you put an actual figure on the benefits or disadvantages of working in a group? This is maybe an area for future research. Bibliography Brewer M and Miller N (1996) Intergroup Relations Fincham and Rhodes (1999) Principals of Organisational Behaviour Huczynski and Buchanan (1991) Organisational Behaviour Hunt J (1992) Managing People at Work Leavitt H (1972) Managerial Psychology Makin P, Cooper C, Cox

Saturday, January 11, 2020

Mise-En-Scene Essay

Forrest Gump For over a century now, individuals have been flocking to witness the magic of motion pictures. It is a world made possible by a director and a dream. Unbeknownst to many, the making of a motion picture is a tedious event, involving scripts, takes, re-takes, and an abundance of post-production editing. Many people sit and enjoy a movie without realizing the complexities and the amount of individuals involved in creating the film. These individuals create the landscapes and backboards for us, the ultimate image also known as the mise-en-scene. My favorite film of all time is Forrest Gump. Forrest Gump will go down in history as one of the greatest films ever made. This film was nominated for thirteen Academy Awards, and took home six of them. This is in part because of the phenomenal cast and crew members involved in the production of this film; individuals such as the director, cinematographer, and art director, to the actors, sound people, and most importantly the editor, who pulled everything together and created the final cut. All of these plus additional elements such as sound, style, societal impact, genre, and film criticism make the film such a masterpiece. In this paper I will go into detail about these elements and as to why they add character and zest to the overall success of the film. Forrest Gump is a film that draws out every emotion that is available to the viewer; at times it draws empathy, as well as sympathy and sadness because of the real-life elements that are a part of the plot. The film is also loaded with irony and many opportunities to laugh at the naivety of the main character, Forrest Gump. Forrest Gump is a story about an â€Å"Unusual man doing unusual things† (Groom, 1996, pg. v). As a result of how fantastic the film was, and how great the crew and cast were, Forrest Gump was nominated for thirteen Oscars at the Academy; which is a highly prestigious honor. Almost all elements of this film were up to be recognized. The list of elements that won an Oscar: best actor, best director, best effects (visual effects), best film editing, best picture, and best writing. However, the list goes on even further when me ntioning the additional ones that were nominated but did not win. This would include: best supporting actor, best art direction-set decoration, best cinematography, best effects (sound effects), best make-up, best music, and best sound (Dirks, 2010). Every one of these elements is crucial to the popularity and overall success of this film. What I plan to take notice of first is the director, Robert Zemeckis. Robert has led a successful career of directing many blockbuster hit movies. Movies such as the Back to the Future trilogy, Cast Away, Contact, and Who Framed Roger Rabbit, just to name a few. It is no wonder why Robert is such a successful and well-known name in Hollywood. Robert is a director that continually makes great films that have recurring actors, Tom Hanks being one of these actors. The style of storyline that Robert chose to use in this film is mostly in chronological order; however, the story is narrated by Forrest in the future, so the story also has moments of incongruous editing. The text states that incongruous editing is when a film jumps around in time (Goodykontz & Jacobs, 2011). You see ’future’ Forrest is telling the story of his life to numerous people who are sitting next to him at the bus stop. The story that he tells is in chronological order, basically catching up to where he is at that moment, at the bus stop. I highly enjoyed this approach that the director used; the story would continually flip back to ‘future’ Forrest as the movie went on. I believe that the movie would have been dull, had it not been from the perspective of Forrest in the future. Excitement is added by the way that he remembers the events in his life, and how even today he is still excited about them. This movie was adapted from the book of the same name, written by Warren Groom and the screenplay was written by Eric Roth. Although much of the story was changed, between the book and the film, it still remains based on the book. This is a story of a man who is highly naive, some would say slightly mentally challenged, who travels the world and is involved with many political events that occurred from the 1960’s to 1990’s. He faces hardships and overcomes adversity. In the final scenes devastating news is given to Forrest; the conclusion in this movie really pulls the whole movie together and makes it very satisfying. The exposition of this movie is right out the box with this film. It starts with a feather floating high in the shy aimlessly, drifting down towards the ground. At first the audience thinks nothing of it, however, as we later on see, this feather floating and landing on the ground in front of a dingy, worn pair of running shoes, is a symbol of the story. It is a symbol of the life of Forrest Gump, a man who drifts everywhere and becomes a part of many cultural events. We then come to realize that Forrest is a little slow and does not perceive the world as the majority of people do; with this we find a lot of verbal irony on Forrest’s behalf. The set-up is that Forrest is pushed away by his peers except a little girl named Jenny. Forrest is the protagonist in this film and his friend Jenny is the antagonist. Goodykoontz and Jacobs describe a protagonist as the main character in a movie; they also describe the antagonist as the character in conflict with the main character (Goodykontz & Jacobs, 2011). Forrest is highly conservative, and Jenny is an outright liberal. As the story goes on, Jenny becomes more and more rebellious towards society’s standards. The confrontation is that Forrest is forever seeking to save Jenny, and to get her to conform to the way of life that he lives. However, Jenny is highly rebellious and wants to live the unhealthy lifestyle that she lives. Jenny was abused as a child and she lives very domineering to the men in her life, and since Forrest is good, she pushes him away, because all she knows is destruction. The conclusion brings everything to a head. This is where Forrest goes to Jenny’s house where she lays on him that she has a son and it is his. This is where it gets all fuzzy, emotionally, because we find out that finally Jenny is settling down and accepting Forrest and his conservative ways. However, in the final moments of the film the story turns sad and Jenny dies of an unknown illness; which leaves Forrest to care for his son that he previously knew nothing about. The main character in this movie, Forrest, is played by Tom Hanks, who is a career veteran of great movies; he is a wild card actor because he is able to play various types of roles (Goodykontz & Jacobs, 2011). There are a couple of secondary actors, Jenny, played by Robin White; Lieutenant Dan Taylor, played by Gary Sinise; and Benjamin Buford â€Å"Bubba† Blue, played by Mykelti Williamson; all of these actors would be classified as character actors, because they have been in other various films, but were always secondary characters (Goodykoontz & Jacobs, 2011). Sally Field is also in this film as Forrest’s mother, but the audience does not see too much of her. Tom Hanks won an Oscar for his grand performance in Forrest Gump. He also won many other prestigious awards such as a Screen Actors Guild award, a Golden Globe, a Kansas City Film Critics award, and an American Comedy award. Robin White and Gary Sinise were nominated for a Golden Globe and a Screen Actors Guild award, but neither won. The cinematographer in this film is a man by the name of Don Burgess. Don was also the cinematographer in other Robert Zemeckis films, such as Contact, Cast Away, and The Polar Express (the latter two films had Tom Hanks in them). The cinematographer in a film is the one who directs the camera and chooses what kind of shot will take place, whether it be a long shot, a close-up, or somewhere in between. They also control the lighting and determine what will be best for each particular scene. The cinematographer designs the mise-en-scene. In the beginning we see a medium shot of a feather floating in the wind; the feather then lands on the ground which the cinematographer uses an extreme close-up of the feather and Forrest’s sneakers. Following this the camera zooms out and moves up to display Forrest sitting on a bus stop bench, next to a woman, as he is commenting about her shoes. This series of events and different shots really adds to the zest of the film. Right off we can hear Forrest’s manner of speaking, in addition to the way that he perceives the world. Another scene that I would like to point out is when Forrest is in Vietnam, and he finds Bubba shot. In this scene the cinematographer uses a lot of close-up shots of Forrest and Bubba. I believe this is to hype up the dramatics of the situation. However, a few moments later Forrest picks up Bubba and runs with him out of the jungle. In this scene the cinematographer uses an extreme long shot; the scene lasts a full 25 seconds, which is a long time for a shot in a movie (Goodykontz & Jacobs, 2011). In this scene, Forrest and Bubba start from far away as they exit the jungle, it continues to progress until finally they run past the camera. This is a very important scene in the film where Bubba eventually dies. The cinematographer did an excellent job of capturing the planes overhead bombing, while Forrest is trying to save his friend. This scene is very meaningful. The editor of this film is Arthur Schmidt. An editor is the person who pieces all the appropriate shots into the final cut, basically rearranging the story into a plot (Goodykontz & Jacob, 2011). Arthur Schmidt won an Academy Award for his stupendous work in this film. There was a ton of post-production done on this film. There was a scene where Forrest meets, President John F. Kennedy, the visual effects team along with the editor made this scene possible; since John F. Kennedy is currently diceased. Another scene takes place where Forrest is running rom some boys because they are chasing him down. In this scene Forrest is wearing leg braces, but there is a moment when Forrest begins breaking out of the braces, while he is running. The editor slows this scene down and closes in on Forrest’s legs, in order to emphasize him breaking out of the bondage that the braces caused. This is a pivotal scene, it is the prelude to the rest of the movie where Forrest is constantly on the move; his legs are a way for him to escape. In addition, this scene is full of direct cuts and jump cuts. A jump cut is when there is an obvious jump in the action during a transition, and a direct cut is when one shot instantly takes over for another shot (Goodykontz & Jacobs, 2011). The various elements that the editor used were simply fantastic; it is no wonder why he won an Oscar for this film. There are many moments in this film where all types of sound are utilized, specifically sound effects and music. Each of these effects boosts the emotional value of scenes. There is a scene where Forrest is getting on the school bus for the first time. He is having trouble finding a seat because all of the students are denying him there seat. All of a sudden he hears the voice of a little girl saying, â€Å"you can sit hear†. During this scene, sentimental music plays in the background, simply adding emotional value to what Tom Hanks is saying. Forrest says to the woman on the bench next to him, as he is narrating the scene, that he finds it, â€Å"amazing what a young man recollects,† how he doesn’t, remember many of his ‘firsts’, but he cannot forget the first time he heard Jenny’s voice, he says that, â€Å"she was like an angel† (Finerman, Tisch, & Newirth, 1994). In addition to the music, every sound other than dialogue was a sound effect that was added post-production. This film was also recognized for its phenomenal soundtrack. In some movies songs are intentionally written for that particular movie, but in Forrest Gump these are previously existing songs that the director thought would fit the tone or mood of the particular scene(s) (Goodykontz & Jacobs, 2011). It is the soundtrack of the 60’s, filled with political songs such as â€Å"For What it’s Worth,† by Buffalo Springfield, and â€Å"Fortunate Son,† by Creedance Clearwater Revival. It also contained songs suitable for the action that was taking place, like â€Å"Sloop John B,† by The Beach Boys, while Forrest is in Vietnam. The song mentions the lyrics, â€Å"This is the worst trip I’ve ever been on,† and, â€Å"I feel so broke up, I wanna go home, let me go home,† these lyrics seem highly fitting for the scenario that the troops were in. The soundtrack won both an Academy Award and a Golden Globe. In our text it quotes that, â€Å"even though we go to films to be entertained†¦movies are something more than that†¦they are also historical documents that help us see—and perhaps more fully understand—the world in which they are made† (Goodykontz & Jacobs, 2011). Forrest Gump touched on a lot cultural events and stigmas. First off is that Forrest is disabled and still was able to do more than most people who are not disabled do in their life. In addition, Forrest saw all people as equal, no matter what skin color they had. He also gave money to Bubba’s family, even though Bubba had died before Forrest created the Bubba Gump Shrimp Co. Forrest gave Bubba’s half of the profits to Bubba’s remaining family. Bubba gave Forrest the idea and Forrest was paying due to his lost friend, through his family. This is something that he definitely did not have to do. He stands for anyone who has ever felt inadequate. Forrest Gump will go down in the history books as one of the greatest films ever made. This is because a huge number of cast and crew made this possible, from the director, cinematographer, and art director, to the actors, sound people, and most importantly the editor, who pulled everything together and created the final cut. Additional elements should be recognized as well for the overall success of the film, such as sound, style, societal impact, genre, and film criticism. A lot of hard work, time and effort go into making a movie, and unfortunately not a lot of the public are aware of this. However, once they learn a few things and realize the distinct meaning behind a slow-motion shot or the color of a characters costume, they take a more appreciative look as to what they are viewing. The mise-en-scene makes all the difference; it is what makes or breaks any movie.